Flutter---GridView

概念GridView 是 Flutter 中用于创建网格布局的滚动组件类似于表格但支持滚动。GridView有四种创建方式①GridView.count - 固定列数②GridView.extent - 固定最大宽度③GridView.builder - 动态创建推荐用于大量数据④GridView.custom - 完全自定义这里主要分享第一种GridView.count效果图如果要看滚动的效果就把数据多复制几次步骤这个项目的点击事件用到了fluttertoast所以需要导入fluttertoast外部类。1.在pubspec.yaml中导入依赖注意空格的缩进。dependencies: fluttertoast: ^8.2.2 # 检查最新版本2.在需要的页面导入这个类import package:fluttertoast/fluttertoast.dart;3.自定义控件//自定义控件 Widget buildItem({ required String icon, //图片1 required String title, //文本1 required String subtitle,//文本2 required ListColor colors,//颜色1 required VoidCallback callback,//VoidCallback:无参数无返回值的函数类型 }){ return Container( //容器基础样式 height: 85, width: 155, decoration: BoxDecoration( borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10),//圆角 gradient: LinearGradient(//垂直渐变 begin: Alignment.topCenter, end: Alignment.bottomCenter, colors: colors ), ), //使用Material Ink InkWell 组合 点击波纹效果 //点击效果实现 child: Material( //提供材质 color: Colors.transparent, child: Ink(//墨水效果容器 child: InkWell(//实际产生波纹效果的组件 borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10), onTap: callback,//点击时传入的回调函数 //内部布局结构 child: Padding( padding: const EdgeInsets.only(left: 15,top: 12.5,bottom:10,right:15), child: Column( crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,//子组件左对齐 children: [ const Expanded(child: SizedBox()),//弹性撑开空间Expanded会占据所有可用空间将后面的Row推向底部 Row( mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween,//两端对齐 children: [ //左侧文本列 Column( crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start, children: [ Text(title,style: const TextStyle(fontSize:18,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),//使用传入的文字1 Text(subtitle,style: const TextStyle(color: Colors.white,fontSize: 10),),//使用传入的文字2 ], ), //右侧图标 Image.asset(icon,width: 40,height: 40,),//使用传入的图片1 ], ), ], ), ), ), ), ), ); }自定义框架的整体布局层级Padding (内边距)└── Column (垂直布局)└── Expanded (弹性空间)└── Row (水平布局)├── Column (文本列)│ ├── Text (主标题)│ └── Text (副标题)└── Image.asset (图标)4.在UI中使用自定义控件return Scaffold( body: Center( child: Column( mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.start, children: [ Expanded( child: Padding( padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 10), child: GridView.count( crossAxisCount: 2,//固定列数 crossAxisSpacing: 8,//列间距 mainAxisSpacing: 8,//行间距 childAspectRatio: 1.823,//子项的宽高比 children: [ buildItem( icon: assets/images/apple.png, title: 红楼梦, subtitle: 作者曹雪芹, colors: const [Color(0xFF8EE6FE),Color(0xFF2BBDE7)], callback: (){ Fluttertoast.showToast(msg: 你点击了红楼梦); } ), buildItem( icon: assets/images/banana.png, title: 西游戏, subtitle: 作者吴承恩, colors: const [Color(0xFFFFCC91),Color(0xFFFF8a65)], callback: (){ Fluttertoast.showToast(msg: 你点击了西游记); } ), buildItem( icon: assets/images/cherry.png, title: 水浒传, subtitle: 作者施耐庵, colors: const [Color(0xFF77FA76),Color(0xFF31F0A3)], callback: (){ print(点击事件触发); Fluttertoast.showToast( msg: 你点击了水浒传, ); } ), buildItem( icon: assets/images/mango.png, title: 三国演义, subtitle: 作者罗贯中, colors: const [Color(0xFFCC9EF7),Color(0xFFA973F0)], callback: (){ Fluttertoast.showToast(msg: 你点击了三国演义); } ), ], ), ), ), ], ), ), );点击效果的流程用户点击 → InkWell检测点击 → 产生波纹动画 → 执行callback函数代码实例import package:flutter/cupertino.dart; import package:flutter/material.dart; import package:fluttertoast/fluttertoast.dart; class HomePage extends StatefulWidget{ const HomePage({super.key}); override StateStatefulWidget createState() _HomePageState(); } class _HomePageState extends StateHomePage{ //自定义控件 Widget buildItem({ required String icon, //图片1 required String title, //文本1 required String subtitle,//文本2 required ListColor colors,//颜色1 required VoidCallback callback,//VoidCallback:无参数无返回值的函数类型 }){ return Container( //容器基础样式 height: 85, width: 155, decoration: BoxDecoration( borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10),//圆角 gradient: LinearGradient(//垂直渐变 begin: Alignment.topCenter, end: Alignment.bottomCenter, colors: colors ), ), //使用Material Ink InkWell 组合 点击波纹效果 //点击效果实现 child: Material( //提供材质 color: Colors.transparent, child: Ink(//墨水效果容器 child: InkWell(//实际产生波纹效果的组件 borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10), onTap: callback,//点击时传入的回调函数 //内部布局结构 child: Padding( padding: const EdgeInsets.only(left: 15,top: 12.5,bottom:10,right:15), child: Column( crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,//子组件左对齐 children: [ const Expanded(child: SizedBox()),//弹性撑开空间Expanded会占据所有可用空间将后面的Row推向底部 Row( mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween,//两端对齐 children: [ //左侧文本列 Column( crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start, children: [ Text(title,style: const TextStyle(fontSize:18,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),//使用传入的文字1 Text(subtitle,style: const TextStyle(color: Colors.white,fontSize: 10),),//使用传入的文字2 ], ), //右侧图标 Image.asset(icon,width: 40,height: 40,),//使用传入的图片1 ], ), ], ), ), ), ), ), ); } //UI构建 override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( body: Center( child: Column( mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.start, children: [ Expanded( child: Padding( padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 10), child: GridView.count( crossAxisCount: 2,//固定列数 crossAxisSpacing: 8,//列间距 mainAxisSpacing: 8,//行间距 childAspectRatio: 1.823,//子项的宽高比 children: [ buildItem( icon: assets/images/apple.png, title: 红楼梦, subtitle: 作者曹雪芹, colors: const [Color(0xFF8EE6FE),Color(0xFF2BBDE7)], callback: (){ Fluttertoast.showToast(msg: 你点击了红楼梦); } ), buildItem( icon: assets/images/banana.png, title: 西游戏, subtitle: 作者吴承恩, colors: const [Color(0xFFFFCC91),Color(0xFFFF8a65)], callback: (){ Fluttertoast.showToast(msg: 你点击了西游记); } ), buildItem( icon: assets/images/cherry.png, title: 水浒传, subtitle: 作者施耐庵, colors: const [Color(0xFF77FA76),Color(0xFF31F0A3)], callback: (){ print(点击事件触发); Fluttertoast.showToast( msg: 你点击了水浒传, ); } ), buildItem( icon: assets/images/mango.png, title: 三国演义, subtitle: 作者罗贯中, colors: const [Color(0xFFCC9EF7),Color(0xFFA973F0)], callback: (){ Fluttertoast.showToast(msg: 你点击了三国演义); } ), ], ), ), ), ], ), ), ); } }